How to Build A Security Operations Program: A Step-by-Step Guide

Mid-sized businesses sometimes operate under a false sense of security when it comes to cyber-attacks. It's easy to assume that malefactors are more interested in the extensive data of their corporate counterparts. However, contrary to popular belief, small entities are prime targets for bad actors - reports reveal that up to 43% of all cyberattacks are directed at small businesses, and 60% of these entities close their doors within six months of a major breach due to financial and reputational damage.

Why Growing Businesses Need Security Operations

Attackers often target these businesses because they know smaller companies don't always have the resources and expertise to defend against modern threats. Many growing businesses rely heavily on IT teams that focus on operational efficiency rather than security.

Transitioning to a Security Operations Program (SOP) can help bridge this gap. It empowers resource-constrained entities to identify and mitigate threats proactively while still using their current IT infrastructure and without massive capital outlays.

Important Note: Understanding SOPs vs SOCs

Throughout this guide, you'll see references to both SOPs and SOCs. Here's what they mean:

Core Components of a Security Operations Program

Before implementing an SOP, it's important to understand its key elements:

• Threat Detection and Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of systems to identify potential threats like suspicious logins or unauthorized access
• Incident Response: Clear, actionable plans to respond to security incidents and minimize damage
• Risk Management: Regular assessment and prioritization of risks to focus efforts on protecting critical assets
• Compliance Management: Meeting industry standards like GDPR, HIPAA, or PCI DSS to avoid penalties
• Centralized Operations: Using a SOC as the hub for security activities, whether virtual or hybrid

Step-by-Step Guide to Building Your First SOP

1. Assess Your Current IT and Security Posture

Start by evaluating your existing infrastructure:

• Establish which systems, applications, and data are critical to operations
• Identify security gaps, such as outdated software or unencrypted data
• Review current incident response capabilities
• Perform a gap analysis to focus your efforts

2. Define Security Objectives

Set clear goals aligned with business objectives:

• Maintain industry compliance requirements
• Reduce downtime from cyber incidents
• Protect customer information and sensitive data
• Create measurable success metrics

3. Develop Security Policies and Procedures

Document clear security guidelines:

• Define acceptable use of company devices and systems
• Detail incident response procedures
• Outline roles and responsibilities
• Ensure all employees understand their security duties

4. Select Tools and Technologies

Choose cost-effective, scalable solutions:

• Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) for device protection
• SIEM solutions for log aggregation and analysis
• Vulnerability scanners for continuous infrastructure assessment
• Tools that integrate easily with existing systems

5. Build a Skilled Team

Leverage existing resources effectively:

• Train current IT staff in security tasks
• Partner with an MSSP for advanced capabilities
• Assign dedicated security roles within the IT team
• Use existing system knowledge to reduce learning curves

6. Implement Monitoring and Response

Establish continuous monitoring systems:

• Collect and analyze data from all endpoints and devices
• Create clear incident response workflows
• Implement automation to help small teams manage threats
• Enable real-time threat detection and response

7. Conduct Regular Testing and Updates

Keep your security program current:

• Perform regular penetration testing
• Conduct tabletop exercises
• Update security tools and patch systems
• Review and revise security policies as needed

Overcoming Common Challenges

Limited Budgets

Cost is often the biggest barrier for growing businesses implementing security programs. However, a strategic approach to security spending can help maximize protection while minimizing expenses. Consider these approaches:

• Prioritize investments with the highest security value and clearest ROI
• Explore open-source tools and shared security resources
• Start with core essentials and expand gradually as budget allows

Resource Constraints

Many small teams struggle to find time for security tasks on top of their regular IT duties. The key is to work smarter, not harder:

• Train existing IT staff in security fundamentals rather than hiring specialists
• Partner with managed security service providers (MSSPs) for specialized expertise
• Implement automation tools to reduce manual workload and streamline processes
• Focus on efficient workflows that integrate with existing operations

Resistance to Change

As with any new initiative, security programs often face internal pushback. Stakeholders may view security measures as complex, disruptive, or unnecessary. To overcome this resistance:

• Demonstrate the real financial impact of breaches through case studies and industry data
• Show how security improvements align with broader business objectives
• Build security awareness into company culture through regular training and communication
• Start with small, manageable changes and demonstrate success before scaling up

Taking the First Step

Building an SOP is a transformative step for growing businesses looking to protect themselves in an increasingly hostile threat landscape. Start small, focus on critical priorities, and expand gradually. Remember: Rome wasn't built in a day. With tenacity, clear strategy, and the right solutions, you can build an effective security program that grows with your business.

Blumira offers a free SIEM solution to help you detect and respond to threats from cloud integrations. You can sign up without a credit card and receive security insights, playbooks, dashboards, and reports within minutes.